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mediumsecurity~40 min

Let replies in, keep new connections out

The edge ACL lets internal hosts browse out, but it also lets the internet open new connections inward. Restrict the inbound filter to established return traffic only.

Scenario

The edge router filters traffic coming in from the internet with the ACL EDGE. Inside hosts (10.0.1.0/24) should be able to browse out and receive the replies, but the outside should not be able to open new connections to them. Right now the inbound ACL permits any TCP, so the internet can reach inside hosts directly.

Your job

In rtr/rtr.conf, change the inbound ACL so it only permits TCP that is part of an already-open connection (the established keyword), i.e. replies to sessions the inside started, and denies new inbound connections.

What "done" looks like

The inbound ACL permits tcp ... established (return traffic) and implicitly denies new inbound TCP; inside hosts can still initiate outbound connections.

Teaches: a stateless approximation of stateful filtering: permit tcp ... established lets in only packets that acknowledge an existing connection, so replies return while unsolicited inbound is dropped.

What gets checked

Your solution is verified against each of these:

  • Return traffic for connections the inside started is allowed back in
  • A new, unsolicited connection from the outside is denied
  • Inside hosts can still initiate outbound connections

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